Titre :	Rational design of bimetallic nanoparticles based catalysts : application for apgrading biomass
Titre original :	Conception rationnelle de catalyseurs à base de nanoparticules bimétalliques : application à la valorisation de la biomasse
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Miquel Cardona Farreny, Auteur ; Maria Rosa Axet Marti, Directeur de thèse ; Karine Philippot, Directeur de thèse
Année de publication :	2023
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Tags :	CATALYSIS  BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES  BIOMASS  FURFURAL
Résumé :	" An accumulation of social, economic, and energetic crises occurring for decades drives the society to a critical situation. The dependency on fossil fuels for energy and chemicals production is noticeable and needs to be rapidly reduced by replacing those sources with renewable ones. Lignocellulosic biomass appears as a good alternative to the production of sustainable chemicals and fuels. This renewable feedstock is composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, and can be vastly found in waste streams, wood, energy crops and agricultural residues. Liquid fuels may be produced from second generation feedstocks of biomass, which are chemically identical to the ones from petroleum, and which can be used in the same combustion engines as those present nowadays. The replacement of fossil by biomass feedstocks for the production of chemicals is of great interest for environmental purposes. This promising feedstock can produce several platform molecules, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, from which a vast range of value-added compounds can be obtained. For a better performance of these transformations, selective and effective bimetallic nanocatalysts have been developed in this work, containing earth-abundant metals, thinking about their potential incorporation in industrial processes for energy transition. For this purpose, a series of Ru bimetallic materials containing either Ni or Cu as second metal were synthesised. Several stabilisers for the nanoparticles were used such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine and hexadecylamine. The synthesis of ultra-small (<2nm) RuCu and RuNi bimetallic nanomaterials, as well as their monometallic counterparts, was successful, by controlling the metal ratio between metals. RuNi/PVP nanoparticles showed synergetic effects between metals in both efficient and selective catalytic hydrogenations of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. DFT calculations were performed to help us understand the experimental results, by modelling Ru, Ni and RuNi nanoparticles and adsorbing the different species on their surface. The results from theoretical calculations are in the line of the activity and selectivity observed in experimental catalytic experiments. RuCu/PVP nanoparticles, used as catalysts in the same hydrogenation reaction, were less performant than the corresponding monometallic counterparts, as well as the RuNi/PVP nanoparticles. RuNi/PVP and RuNi/PPh2Py nanoparticles were used as catalysts on the selective hydrogenation of quinoline, observing a dependence of the activity on the temperature and the Ru content. By using 1-propanol as solvent, N-alkylation of the substrat occurred, noticeably from 125ºC. Deuterium-labelled molecules, being a stable and safe hydrogen isotope, have received great interest in different scientific domains, especially in pharmaceutical industry for the design of new drugs. Ru/PVP nanoparticles were tested for deuteration reactions of 4-methoxyaniline, 4-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde, methyl-2,3-O-Isopropylidene-beta-D-ribofuranoside and adenosine. Deuterations were not successful in the two first substrates nor in the third, where, nevertheless, deprotection and epimerisation reactions were observed. In the case of adenosine, the deuteration took place in a selective manner. This work offers the synthesis of new bimetallic nanomaterials with tunable properties. Some of the developed catalysts were tested in the hydrogenation of platform molecules, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the monometallic Ru/PVP nanoparticles were used as catalysts in deuteration reactions."
Document :	Thèse de Doctorat
Etablissement_delivrance :	Université de Toulouse 3
Date_soutenance :	25/01/2023
Ecole_doctorale :	Science de la matière (SdM) (Toulouse)
Domaine :	Chimie organométallique et de coordination
Localisation :	LCC
En ligne :	https://theses.hal.science/tel-04552662v1

Rational design of bimetallic nanoparticles based catalysts : application for apgrading biomass = Conception rationnelle de catalyseurs à base de nanoparticules bimétalliques : application à la valorisation de la biomasse [texte imprimé] / Miquel Cardona Farreny, Auteur ; Maria Rosa Axet Marti, Directeur de thèse ; Karine Philippot, Directeur de thèse . - 2023.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Tags :	CATALYSIS  BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES  BIOMASS  FURFURAL
Résumé :	" An accumulation of social, economic, and energetic crises occurring for decades drives the society to a critical situation. The dependency on fossil fuels for energy and chemicals production is noticeable and needs to be rapidly reduced by replacing those sources with renewable ones. Lignocellulosic biomass appears as a good alternative to the production of sustainable chemicals and fuels. This renewable feedstock is composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, and can be vastly found in waste streams, wood, energy crops and agricultural residues. Liquid fuels may be produced from second generation feedstocks of biomass, which are chemically identical to the ones from petroleum, and which can be used in the same combustion engines as those present nowadays. The replacement of fossil by biomass feedstocks for the production of chemicals is of great interest for environmental purposes. This promising feedstock can produce several platform molecules, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, from which a vast range of value-added compounds can be obtained. For a better performance of these transformations, selective and effective bimetallic nanocatalysts have been developed in this work, containing earth-abundant metals, thinking about their potential incorporation in industrial processes for energy transition. For this purpose, a series of Ru bimetallic materials containing either Ni or Cu as second metal were synthesised. Several stabilisers for the nanoparticles were used such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine and hexadecylamine. The synthesis of ultra-small (<2nm) RuCu and RuNi bimetallic nanomaterials, as well as their monometallic counterparts, was successful, by controlling the metal ratio between metals. RuNi/PVP nanoparticles showed synergetic effects between metals in both efficient and selective catalytic hydrogenations of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. DFT calculations were performed to help us understand the experimental results, by modelling Ru, Ni and RuNi nanoparticles and adsorbing the different species on their surface. The results from theoretical calculations are in the line of the activity and selectivity observed in experimental catalytic experiments. RuCu/PVP nanoparticles, used as catalysts in the same hydrogenation reaction, were less performant than the corresponding monometallic counterparts, as well as the RuNi/PVP nanoparticles. RuNi/PVP and RuNi/PPh2Py nanoparticles were used as catalysts on the selective hydrogenation of quinoline, observing a dependence of the activity on the temperature and the Ru content. By using 1-propanol as solvent, N-alkylation of the substrat occurred, noticeably from 125ºC. Deuterium-labelled molecules, being a stable and safe hydrogen isotope, have received great interest in different scientific domains, especially in pharmaceutical industry for the design of new drugs. Ru/PVP nanoparticles were tested for deuteration reactions of 4-methoxyaniline, 4-trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde, methyl-2,3-O-Isopropylidene-beta-D-ribofuranoside and adenosine. Deuterations were not successful in the two first substrates nor in the third, where, nevertheless, deprotection and epimerisation reactions were observed. In the case of adenosine, the deuteration took place in a selective manner. This work offers the synthesis of new bimetallic nanomaterials with tunable properties. Some of the developed catalysts were tested in the hydrogenation of platform molecules, such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the monometallic Ru/PVP nanoparticles were used as catalysts in deuteration reactions."
Document :	Thèse de Doctorat
Etablissement_delivrance :	Université de Toulouse 3
Date_soutenance :	25/01/2023
Ecole_doctorale :	Science de la matière (SdM) (Toulouse)
Domaine :	Chimie organométallique et de coordination
Localisation :	LCC
En ligne :	https://theses.hal.science/tel-04552662v1